What effect does the alkalinity of cold waves have on the hair fiber?

The alkalinity of cold waves is primarily responsible for softening and swelling the hair fiber. When a cold wave solution is applied, the alkaline agents in it open up the cuticle layer of the hair. This process allows the solution to penetrate into the hair shaft, which leads to a change in the physical structure of the hair.

Softening occurs because the high pH level disrupts the hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds in the hair, making it more malleable. As the hair swells, it becomes easier to reshape, which is essential for achieving and setting new styles, particularly in the perming process. This characteristic is crucial for creating curls or waves, as the hair must be pliable to take on the new form.

In contrast, effects such as strengthening, drying, or coloring do not directly relate to the alkalinity present in cold wave solutions. While the application of cold wave solutions can indirectly lead to some level of dryness as a result of chemical interactions or the removal of natural oils, the primary and intended effect remains the direct softening and swelling of the hair fiber.